. For instance, akavian Croatian is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. It differs from the rest of Silesian in that it has undergone heavy Czech influence. Im Slovenian, my mother tongue is Slovenian, however I have also learnt Serbo-Croatian from a very early age. A primary challenge to these positions is that speakers of closely related languages can often communicate with each other effectively if they choose to do so. He is currently listed on the FBIs Most Wanted Terrorists list. One way to look at Macedonian is that it is a Serbo-Croatian-Bulgarian transitional lect. Macedonian: 50-60 % #5. demonstratives (tk~ovd vs. tuka~ovde, tamo vs. tamu) and some elementary adverbs (sg vs. sega now; jutre vs. utre tomorrow; dns(ke) ~ deneska today, fera vs. vera yesterday) are fairly similar; Ni Torlak uses multiple sets of demonstratives as its 3rd person pronouns (toj/ta/to/ti/te/ta, onj/on/on/on/on/on, ovj/ov/ov/ov/ov/ov, in descending order of frequency) as opposed to Serbians almost exclusive use of on/ona/ono/oni/one/ona and standard Macedonians use of toj/taa/toa/tie Many of our word roots are the same. Russian speakers are also likely to understand some Bulgarian, along with other Slavic languages to a lesser extent. Ni Torlak uses a definite suffix, -ta/-to/-ti/-te/-ta (fem.sg/neu.sg/masc.pl/fem.pl/neu.pl), but less frequently than Macedonian does, and only in the nominative; it doesnt have a distance contrast as it does in standard Macedonian but it isnt even present in Serbian to begin with Why not look em up on his site. Student Authored Website. Lach is a Czech-Polish transitional lect with a close relationship with Cieszyn Silesian. What about USAs dialects. And the 25% is very low. @AJ It is not intelligible with Shtokavian, although this is controversial. As an addendum, Id like to make it known that my own grandmother, who hails from a village some twenty kilometers southwest of Ni, got lost in Belgrade once but has no problem getting around Skopje. The Rusyn language is composed of 50% Slovak roots and 50% Ukrainian roots, so some difficult intelligibility with Ukrainian might be expected. Only nationalists and fanatics disagree. The Macedonian spoken near the Serbian border is heavily influenced by Serbo-Croatian and is quite a bit different from the Macedonian spoken towards the center of Macedonia. Its specific czech and many foreiner has problem spelling it. The diffete. But despite similarities in grammar and vocabulary and almost identical alphabets, they differ sharply in many ways and are not mutually intelligible. Anti-Ethnic Sentiments Yes you can. Feb 22, 2020. I just didnt realize that when you talked about learning the other language you were actually referring to the errors inherent in doing a non-virgin ears MI study, and not conflating language learning with mutual intelligibility. Other then that difference is in grammar and accent. Nared s osnovnata, izpolzovana v Balgarija, saestvuvat oe makedonska norma, kojato sao izpolzva kirilica, i banatska norma, kojata izpolzva latinica. Serbo-Croatian and Bulgarian have 10-15% oral intelligibility, however, there are Bulgarian dialects that are transitional with Torlak Serbian. English professor. akavian differs from the other nearby Slavic lects spoken in the country due to the presence of many Italian words. Is Ukrainian closer to Russian or Polish? Russian has a decent intelligibility with Bulgarian, possibly on the order of 50%, but Bulgarian intelligibility of Russian seems lower. [8], However, others have suggested that these objections are misguided, as they collapse different concepts of what constitutes a "language".[9]. Jeff Lindsay estimates that Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). Other Western Slovak speakers (Bratislava) say that Eastern Slovak (Kosice) is hard to understand. Finally, understanding mutual intelligibility gives you helpful insight into the history of a language. 25/01/23 | StarsInsider. Belic) maybe do not understand Macedonian so well as Macedonian the Serbian language do (because of the according to you Bilingual learning . 40% of Silesian vocabulary is different from Polish, mostly Germanisms. Nevertheless, Bulgarian-Russian intelligibility seems much exaggerated. Slobozhan Russian is very close to Ukrainian, closer to Ukrainian than it is to Russian, and Slobozhan Ukrainian is very close to Russian, closer to Russian than to Ukrainian. CZECH: Bulharsk jazyk je indoevropsk jazyk ze skupiny jihoslovanskch jazyk. Russian has low intelligibility with Czech and Slovak, maybe 30%. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. In 1933, reforms were forced that streamlined Ukrainian more in line with the Russian language. Once you learn Ukrainian, you can understand Polish, Czech, Belarusian, or other Slavic languages because they are quite similar. In the 1500s, Kajkavian began to be developed in a standard literary form. Mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. Not sure where did you get more similarity between Boyko dialects and Russian language? You would be amazed at how good peoples estimates of this sort of thing are though. For example, Dutch speakers tend to find it easier to understand Afrikaans than vice versa as a result of Afrikaans' simplified grammar. Burgenland Croatian, spoken in Austria, is intelligible to Croatian speakers in Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary, but it has poor intelligibility with the Croatian spoken in Croatia. Some people in Croatia asked me if I speak Kajkavian when I spoke Slovenian with my friends. Learning a language becomes fun and easy when you learn with movie trailers, music videos, news and inspiring talks. Mutual intelligibilityrefers to whether speakers of one language can understand speakers of another language. What sort of Slav nation are you a part of my friend? Then she asked me to go do something useful, so this is all I can contribute with. KajkavianCroatian, spoken in northwest Croatia and similar to Slovenian, is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. Far Northeastern Slovak (Saris Slovak) near the Polish border is close to Polish and Ukrainian. You can pick up the gist of thats being said in any sentence. Also what is a dialect and what is a language? becomes confusing for me since I can say a sentence in Kai/Cha thats almost the same in Slovene but different in BSCM standards. Classifications may also shift for reasons external to the languages themselves. http://www.izviestija.info/izviestija/, I was born in Canada to a Serbian family and speak Serbian so I am a good control as I was never formally educated in Serbian and its grammar. It shows that Macedonians indeed grew up to certain extent as bilingual Macedonian-Serbian. (. Woof woof! pouv cyrilici, a bantsk norma, kter pouv latinku. Mutual intelligibility mostly applies to the educated, standardized forms of these languages, not to the various sub-standard dialects. As a Polish native speaker I used to be sure that Czech and Polish are mutually intelligible until I met Czech couple. A question: how is it decided that the cut-off between a language and dialect is 90% MI? It exists in differing degrees among many related or geographically proximate languages of the world, often in the context of a dialect continuum. There can be various reasons for this. In the evening of the first day it reaches 93%, in a week 95%, all unsupervised, almost effortlessly, just by being there, watching, listening, talking and asking for an explanation here and there. All foreign movies in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia are translated into Czech, not Slovak. Yet its totally foreign to many in Croatia. As a result, I, who spoke fluent Ukrainian when I moved from Ukraine 18 years ago, have problems following modern speech on TV. I can give you an example of how I can read Bulgarian: 50% Cieszyn Silesian or Ponaszymu is a language closely related to Silesian spoken in Czechoslovakia in the far northeast of the country near the Polish and Slovak borders. Or as an English speaker, you might catch the gist of some Scots. I also met Croats from Zagreb that never learn Slovenian or live in Slovenia and I thought they are native Slovenian speakers because they can speak Slovenian perfectly. . I will also send you a copy so you can look over the Serbo-Croatian part and tell me if there are any errors. Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). Russian has 85% intelligibility with Rusyn (which has a small number of speakers in Central and Eastern Europe). Postby voron 2018-01-26, 22:33. However, leaving aside Kajkavian speakers, Croatians have poor intelligibility of Slovenian. cheers 1996 . Czech: 10% In contrast, Filipovi is talking slowly, and although some words have a different stress than in Czech, I can identify them pretty well and hence listening to this guy is basically like reading a written text in Serbo-Croatian. He printed out the paper and showed it to his colleagues at the next meeting, and they spent some time discussing it. If you can speak Russian fluently, you will be able to understand 77% of Polish words, while Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian, and . Is there any particular method to determine this? Slow, deliberate speech is not typical. The Polish langauge uses the Latin script, while the Ukrainian is written in Cyrillic. The fact that such process works is almost a definition of mutual intelligibility for me. It is quite true that Macedonian speakers (even today) are switching to Serbian (although there is a resistence among some speakers of Macdonian) on informal situations. The Polish and Ukrainian languages come from the same Slavic roots, but are not so close that they are mutually intelligible. She stated that Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible and that the main differences between the two languages is that Slovak has somewhat of a Hungarian inflluence, and Czech has more of a German and Latin component. If youre learning multiple languages at once, pairing similar languages is a great way to maximize your studying. Also akavian has some elements of its own. Intelligibility between Balachka and Ukrainian is not known. ago. A different dialect is spoken in each town. This list focuses on common languages widely thought to be at least partially and mutually intelligible. Also, the question is: -did this Serb speak other Slavic languages? All South Slavic languages in effect form a large dialect continuum of gradually mutually intelligible varieties depending on distance between the areas where they are spoken. However, it appears to be a separate language, as Lach is not even intelligible within itself. The Mutually Intelligible Languages of 8 Popular World Languages, What You Should Know About Mutually Intelligible Languages, The 11 Best Language Learning Apps of 2023, How to Say Thank You in 35 Different Languages Around the Globe, The Penny Pinchers Guide to Learning Any Language for Free, The Top 8 What Language Should I Learn Online Quizzes, The 6 Best Sources of Language Learning Videos on the Internet. About Slovak being two different unintelligible languages I highly doubt so. Please listen and watch the movie Zona Zamfirova. Russian is followed by Polish with over 40 million speakers, Ukrainian with 33 million and Czech with 13 million. The languages really split about 1,000 years ago, but written Slovak was based on written Czech, and there was a lot of interlingual communication. Pei Mario (1949). I speak tokavski croatian (and can read and understand serbian (both cyrillic and latin) and can adapt my croatian to be more serbian grammatically and with vocabulary) and just recently I had a conversation where I spoke croatian and the other person spoke polish. Also cyrillic in Macedonian is almost as same as Serbian, but many Croats dont know or dont want to know cyrillic, and that makes Macedonian more different to them than to Serbs. Dont let the past politics fool you. It is important to note that the idea of this paper was try to test "pure inherent intelligibility." A pure inherent intelligibility test would involve a couple of things. Thank you very much for this. After all, you can look at the study that I listed above and check the results of the written translation task (translation of 50 individual words), which illustrates the similarity of lexicons: Czechs best understand Slovak words (96,52%), then Polish (64,29%), then Bulgarian (57,00%), Croatian (55,38%) and Slovene (49,73%). ????? Polish: Ukrainian and Belarusian (both partially; moreover, . The results show that in most cases, a division between West and South Slavic languages does exist and that West . My parents (and naturally me when I was child) make a lot of mistakes in the word cases and it means that they are (for the speakers from more west Serbian and also Croatian region) the lower social group, that they are not educated enough or that they are unread, and why dont Macedonians in their native language too, especially in ex Yugoslavia. 60%? 5%? Rather than 95%, or 85%. My email is on the Contact page. Croatian (Stokavski): 98% Its true that Slavic languages are not intelligible in the taking-the-first-person-from-the-street-and-making-them-listen-to-a-random-conversation way, that is, an average Slavic speaker with an untrained ear and little to no exposure to other Slavic languages will have difficulty understanding other Slavic languages. Ukrainian and Belarusian are mutually intelligible and in general very close and have some common features like synthetical future, but Russian speakers (who know only Russian) only partially understand Ukrainian/Belarusian. Given that Polish and Russian belong to different groups under the same language family, we can deduce that these two languages share a lot of similarities but also have many differences. When you find out it is a separate language, you ask for %, and they often tell you! The claim for separate languages is based more on politics than on linguistic science. Because of all of this, tokavian speaker has a hard time understanding fast talking akavian speakers.