[Brusalis, 2017] Penetrating injuries are the most common (ex, cat scratch/bite). You should be especially careful if the wound is around your wrist area. Published by: Ingrid King. We do not control or have responsibility for the content of any third-party site. Of course, if the cat's fangs go in very deep, this could be worrisome and worth a doctor's visit! The oral flora of humans includes Eikenella corrodens, staphylococci, streptococci, and anaerobes. We identified 193 patients in a 3-year period between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2011. Copyright 2014 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Pasteurella species was isolated from 35% of infected wounds. In rare cases, these infections can be fatal. Some states allow this quarantine to be done in the cats home, others require that it will be carried out in an approved animal control facility. Ms. Henderson is a family nurse practitioner at Wheaton Franciscan HealthcareAll Saints in Racine, Wisc. The wrist or any joint in the fingers are usually the. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. Cureus is on a mission to change the long-standing paradigm of medical publishing, where submitting research can be costly, complex and time-consuming. Sources: Babovic N, Carlsen BT, Cayci C. Cat Bite Infections of the Hand: Assessment of Morbidity and Predictors of Severe Infection. Because cats have extremely sharp teeth, their bites penetrate the skin easily and cause small but deep wounds. . A more serious infection may lead to pus or what looks like red streaks down your skin and may cause fever. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. The puncture hole can quickly seal over and trap bacteria from the cats mouth under your skin. Should You Pop the Blisters Caused by Fire Ant Stings? J Hand Surg Am. "Every time they would stitch me up after flushing the wound, the infection would just get worse. A prescription was given prophylactically for amoxicillin (Augmentin) 875 mg one orally b.i.d. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.". The content provided in this website and links, is not a substitute for medical care or treatment. Accessibility July 2012 edited July 2012. for three to five days. "They can be very serious. 2021 Nov 1;71:102993. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102993. They respond aggressively when their home is disturbed, biting and injecting venom. Camacho Zamora P, Romn Cabello M, lvarez Garca P, Vzquez Canal E. Rev Esp Quimioter. If you have some antibiotic cream such as neosporin, apply it. Nelson CA, et al. There are a few people, that develop severe allergic reactions to flea bites and can get irritated by a single bite. Bites on the hand are also at a high risk of infection. The information shared in this article is not a substitute for medical care. Tendons and ligaments in the hand are especially delicate. Another SOLID Site, WALANT | Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet. According to the study patients with bites directly over the wrist or any joint have a higher risk of hospitalization. Cat bites may look small, but they can turn into serious problems. And while cuts. Emergency Medicine 46 years experience. The main symptoms were limited and there was painful mobilisation of fingers and wrist, and swelling and redness in the area of the bite wound. Hand or wrist infection; cat bites; delayed treatment; diabetic finger; finger amputation; public awareness. BP was 120/78 mm Hg, pulse 98 beats per minute, pulse oxygenation 97%, temperature 98.8F, and weight 290 lbs. Dutton LK, Hinchcliff KM, Logli AL, Mallett KE, Suh GA, Rizzo M. JB JS Open Access. To care for your wound at home, follow these steps: If the following symptoms occur, seek medical attention: If you have a pet cat, make sure to take them to regular veterinary visits to stay updated on vaccines. Around 2% of attendances in the emergency department are due to bite injuries, most commonly from dogs, cats, and humans.If left untreated, bites have a high risk of becoming infected.. Cats bite for a variety of reasons. for 10 days. The researchers studied nearly 200 cat bite cases that occurred between 2009 and 2011. Cats teeth are sharp and pointy. A cat bite is quite common and should always be treated by a doctor. 2015 Jan;23(1):47-57. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-23-01-47. A regular cat bite that just breaks the skin isn't really anything to worry about. Cat bites carry other risks besides infections. First, be sure to clean the wound. A doctor or nurse will wash the wound thoroughly, trim away any dead tissue, and apply antibiotic ointment. Positive tactile response to the digits of the right hand was achieved. She said because she was uninsured the hospital wrote off some of the bill but she is still making payments. Complications included nerve involvement, abscesses and loss of joint mobility. Sbai MA, et al. Immediately wash the wound under running water. [Treatment of bites to the hand and wrist--is the primary antibiotic prophylaxis necessary?]. 2017 Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly But remember, if you are bitten, prompt medical care is required to prevent serious, even long-term complications from a cat bite infection. While 3-18 percent of dog bites become infected, another study reported a staggering 28-80 percent cat bite infection rate. "The infection from the cat bite reached my tendon," Bothun said. A fever is considered a temperature of 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. The study, published in the February issue of the Journal of Hand Surgery, also revealed that eight patients needed more than one surgical procedure, and some needed reconstructive surgery. MeSH The site is secure. According to Poison Control, CSD is usually not serious, but people with weakened immune systems are at risk of developing a more serious infection. A. of nearly 200 cases between 2009-2011 found that one third of patients suffering from cat bite infections were hospitalized and two-thirds of those patients required surgery. Zoonotic disease: What can I catch from my cat? In more extreme cases, redirected aggression can cause a cat to lash out at her guardian and cause severe damage. When the bite is on the hand (and other research has shown that up to 85 percent of cat bites occur on the hand or wrist), the puncture may easily pierce a joint or the membrane sheath. Bula-Rudas FJ, et al. . The right arm was placed in a sling for elevation of the extremity. Learn about symptoms in cats and humans, and get facts on. Common pathogens include Pasteurella species, Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, anaerobes, Capnocytophaga, Moraxella, Corynebacterium, and Neisseria. Follow-up evaluation should focus on early detection and diagnosis of tenosynovitis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis. o [ pediatric abdominal pain ] If left untreated, cat bite infections can spread to other parts of the body, causing a condition called septicemia (blood poisoning), which requires hospitalization. Regardless of how a cat bite happens, it is not something to take lightly. Type of study/level of evidence: A doctor will likely prescribe antibiotics to fight off the infection. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Animal mouths contain a lot of bacteria which is why you want to wash it out with soap and water for around 5 minutes. The wound canal can reach into a joint or onto a bone. Obviously, the best bite is the one that has been prevented. Bleeding may help flush out any bacteria that may have gotten into the wound. Enechukwu AOM, Bucher F, Dastagir K, Jokuszies A, Vogt PM, Knneker S. Ann Med Surg (Lond). PMC "It may look like a pin prick, but rule of thumb go see a doctor if a cat bites your hand," Carlsen said. eCollection 2021 Sep. Strwald Y, Erdle B, Busch P, Kalbhenn J, Bansbach J. Anaesthesist. The most common symptoms of infection from a cat bite include: redness or discoloration swelling inflammation warmth a bump or blister where the bite wound is located More serious symptoms of. Wounds are not closed after initial treatment so that any . Clinical Guidelines in Family Practice. However, delayed presentation may lead to significant morbidity or even mortality. Wrist tendonitis is irritation and inflammation of the tendons at the wrist joint. Bacteria can be potentially seeded down into joints and tendon sheaths, far away from where it would be immediately noticed. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. Disclaimer. Mr. H was diagnosed with a septic joint, scheduled for incision and drainage, and admitted to the hospital overnight for observation. Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly | Board Certified Orthopedic Surgeon. After being advised of the risk for infection, Mr. H agreed to follow up in three days or sooner if symptoms worsened. Brought to you by Merck & Co, Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (known as MSD outside the US and Canada) dedicated to using leading-edge science to save and improve lives around the world. The infection resides in synovial or periarticular tissues and is usually bacterialin younger adults read more and osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis is inflammation and destruction of bone caused by bacteria, mycobacteria, or fungi. Am Fam Physician. At the hand, where cats most often bite . Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Treatment of infected bite wounds of the hand includes surgical debridement, with the wound left open, and antibiotics. Acute carpal tunnel syndrome of the hand following a cat bite. Mr. H was unable to perform full flexion of the second digit. The skin on the second digit of the right hand showed significant edema and erythema circumferentially (Figure 1). While 3-18 percent of dog bites become infected. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.21.00084. Copyright 2023 Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and its affiliates. Some bites require the use of antibiotics through an intravenous (IV), while others may be treated with oral medication. Practical Review of the Management of Animal Bites. The condition can cause pain when you grip and lift objects or move your wrist or fingers. The .gov means its official. (See also Overview and Evaluation of Hand Disorders Overview and Evaluation of Hand Disorders Common hand disorders include a variety of deformities, ganglia, infections, Kienbck disease, nerve compression syndromes, noninfectious tenosynovitis, and osteoarthritis. Careers. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of S61.451A - other international versions of ICD-10 S61.451A may differ. If you notice any redness, swelling, discharge from the wound, increasing pain, or difficulty moving the hand, seek emergency care. As for Mr. Bink's, she said they are still on good terms, but things have changed. Enter search terms to find related medical topics, multimedia and more. and transmitted securely. We write about feline health, nutrition, lifestyle, and so many other interesting topics! This then causes the wound to potentially close up around the bacteria, which can lead to an infection. J Hand Surg Am. It has to pierce deep enough to get into the muscle where there is a good amount of blood flow. Treatment of hand infections using WALANT -when the anesthesiologist is not available: A retrospective cohort study. Look at the bite to evaluate how severe the victim's condition is. Epub 2022 Jul 20. Source: Bacteriologic Analysis of Infected Dog and Cat Bites. You can contract cat scratch fever from cats infected with Bartonella henselae bacteria. Complications were common among these patients. Apply an antibiotic ointment and cover with a non-stick bandage. Disclaimer. The bacteria injected by a cat bite can include a strain common in animals and particularly hard to fight with antibiotics, he says. An official website of the United States government. Keywords: QUESTIONS. Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath in Guyon's Canal Causing Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome . For an infection to set in, bacteria need time to get settled and multiply in your body which is why there is a delay between a bite and any infection symptoms. Infection in these tissues can be very painful and difficult to treat. He described severe nonradiating pain to his right hand and second digit unrelieved by Vicodin or Naprosyn. If you have been bitten by a cat, seeyour doctor or visit anurgent care facility. Nearly 40% of cat bites may lead to an infection according to one estimate, which supports the extra attention medical professionals often pay to cat bites. Cat Bite Cellulitis Nadia F. from ePlasty. Rabies is caused by a virus and can be transmitted by bites and scratches from an infected animal, often a dog. You should not use this information in place of a consultation or the advice of your healthcare provider. "Cat bites look very benign, but -- as we know and as the study shows -- they are not," Carlsen said. Cat bites with infections can become not only painful, but also red or discolored, and swollen. While all bites carry bacteria, your body manages to fend off most infections from dog bites. But remember, if you are bitten, prompt medical care is required to prevent serious, even long-term complications from a cat bite infection. A dogs powerful jaws and blunt teeth tend to leave a larger wound, but they dont penetrate as deeply. (2016). Ingrid King is an award-winning author, former veterinary hospital manager, and veterinary journalist who is passionate about cats. You should also teach children how to properly handle pets and to make sure they arent doing anything to unintentionally hurt or scare a cat. 2. He said people tend to ignore cat bites because they are so small, but they can lead to a laundry list of medical treatments. 'A cat bite is much worse than a dog or rat bite. Lesions caused by human and domestic and wild animal bites. Painful and swollen lymph nodes for more than 2 or 3 weeks. Two thirds of those hospitalized during the study required surgery to flush out the infection in the wounds and middle-aged women were the most common bite victims. more serious symptoms of an infection, such as fever or muscle weakness. Cat bites can results in mild scarring, the raised area is probably a little scar tissue settling down. In todays blog post, Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly discusses why the risk of a cat bite infection has become a growing concern. Patient demographics, medical history, physical examination findings, laboratory values, and long-term follow-up data were collected. Nine patients (Group B) presented later than 48 hours. The skin was warm and dry to touch. It may be painful or tender when touched or pressed. Can antioxidants supercharge your brain power? Mr. H noted a progression of redness and swelling over the past three days, and admitted inconsistent use of the sling. After receiving his medical degree fromLouisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, where he was awarded the Orthopedic Surgery award. Cat bites and scratches: Sometimes more than just a cut. When the injury has occurred, wash the wound with soap and then apply antiseptics. If the wound is bleeding, dont stop blood flow; in fact, try to encourage bleeding by gently pressing the area around the wound. Use for phrases 8600 Rockville Pike There were no signs of infection and no pain. There was full range of motion in the right wrist and all other digits of the right hand. Patients with joint capsule penetration, tendon injury, or bites older than 24 hours were excluded. - dog bite: - consider viridans strep, pasteurella multocida, bacteroides, fusobacterium, capnocytophaga; - prophylactic treatment: augmentin / amoxicillin or with allergy ( cipro + clindamycin) Would you like email updates of new search results? Through this website and links to other websites, Brandon P. Donnelly, MD provides general information for educational purposes only. These findings should increase concern for a severe infection and warrant hospitalization and urgent consultation with a hand surgeon. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the How do you know if a cat bite is infected? The treatment of such infections often requires hospitalization, intravenous antibiotic therapy, and operative treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. Rapidly Progressive Infection of Hand After a Cat Bite. government site. Mr. H was advised to stop taking Vicodin and started on oxycodone (Percocet) 5/325 mg one or two orally every six hours as needed. del Mar Amador M, et al. Terms of Use. In cat bite wounds, they are followed by Streptococci, Staphylococci, Neisseria and Moraxella spp. Weve summarized the best studies we could find below to cover everything you wanted to know, or perhaps didnt want to know, about cat bites. Most domestic cats are already vaccinated against rabies. All patients recently treated at our institution for cat bite injuries to the hand were retrospectively reviewed. Benson LS, Edwards SL, Schiff AP, et al. Polymers (Basel). The wrist or any joint in the fingers are usually the worst places to be wounded and thats just where most people get bitten by cats. Felines' sharp teeth can inject harmful bacteria deep into joints and tissue, doctors warn SUNDAY, Feb. 9, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- Cat bites may look less serious than dog bites, but beware: They can cause dangerous infections, particularly when they involve the hand, new research indicates. The pain almost drove me up the . Mr. H was discharged the next day and told to return to the infusion center every day for the next two weeks for IV Rocephin. Microorganisms. Tenderness along the course of a tendon suggests spread to the tendon sheath. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of Haymarket Medias Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions. Domestic animals, like dogs and cats, are responsible for the majority of animal bites. - The management of bite wounds in children--A retrospective analysis at a level I trauma centre . Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. There is not very much bloodflow to the tendon sheath. Your doctor may also recommend an X-ray to diagnose injuries to joints or bones or to see if there are any fragments from the cats teeth that may have broken off. Dog or cat bites to the hands are the most severe injuries, often requiring surgical intervention and hospitalization.1 Infectious complications occur in approximately 50% of cat bites. . This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Osteomyelitis following domestic animal bites to the hand: Two case reports and practical guidelines. Laboratory findings showed erythrocyte sedimentation rate 28 mm/hour, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 14.5 mg/L, WBC 10,0000/l, RBC 3.77 106/l, hemoglobin 12.3 g/dL, and hematocrit 35.3%. In severe cases, surgery may be . A cat bite on the hand can turn into a hospital stay, according to a new study. These include: An infection from a cat bite may set in within a few hours, but it can take 10 days or more for some infections, like cat-scratch disease, to start showing symptoms. The most common cause of human bites is a tooth-induced injury to the metacarpophalangeal joint as a result of a punch to the mouth (clenched fist injury).
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