document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); SciTechDaily: Home of the best science and technology news since 1998. FACT: The COVID-19 vaccine will not affect fertility. When the immune system recognizes the proteins, which arent normally there, it starts generating antibodies and building an immune response against them. D The experimental vaccine, NVX-CoV2373, is being developed and . COVID-19 spike protein damages blood vessels The "spike" proteins that the coronavirus uses to help it break into cells inflicts other damage as well, according to a new study that shines a. 03 In collaboration with UC San Diego, USC and Sanford The CDC has stated that the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is harmless, which assures that current Covid-19 vaccines would be safe. According to a statement sent to FactCheck.org by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the vaccine-generated spike protein is not secreted into circulation in the bloodstream.. In reality, Covid-19 is BOTH a vascular and a respiratory disease. Our verdict. Salk researchers and collaborators show how the protein damages cells, confirming COVID-19 as a primarily vascular disease LA JOLLAScientists have known for a while that SARS-CoV-2's distinctive "spike" proteins help the virus infect its host by latching on to healthy cells. Germany has lifted all Covid restrictions for entry into the country. To fuse its viral membrane with the host cell membrane it substantially changes its shape from an unstable pre-fusion state to a stable post-fusion state. In fact, the antibodies that the mother has can go through the breast milk to the baby and may only serve maybe to protect the baby a little bit. 31 Mar 2021. Updated 29 June 2021. To fuse its viral membrane with the host cell membrane it substantially changes its shape from an unstable pre-fusion state to a stable post-fusion state. Home - Science - Research - Coronavirus Research. This is cellular biology 101. With this in mind, your own body making the spike protein cant be a good thing, however long they last for. Exposure to this pseudovirus resulted in damage to the lungs and arteries of an animal modelproving that the spike protein alone was enough to cause disease. The left images show healthy mouse lung tissue while the right images show tissue from mouse lungs exposed to the spike protein. 2 today, but of SARS-CoV-3 tomorrow. Spikes and spike protein fragments move to the outside of the cell and protrude from the surface where they will be recognized by the immune system. Had to look down and seen it ! On Point with Alex Pierson. Global News Radio. Keanna Ghazvini, a Pfizer spokesperson, told us in an email that the, referred to by Bridle, which is mostly in Japanese, is a, overview of the companys vaccine. Multiple vaccines are now available to help curb the threat of COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. He is also the host and producer of the popular weekly science podcast, The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe, and the author of the NeuroLogicaBlog, a daily blog that covers news and issues in neuroscience, but also general science . NSP1 halts host protein production. Continue with Recommended Cookies, Representative images of vascular endothelial control cells (left) and cells treated with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (right) show that the spike protein causes increased mitochondrial fragmentation in vascular cells. protein NSP2 affects host cells during the We thought the spike protein was a great target antigen, we never knew the spike protein itself was a toxin and was a pathogenic protein. The same harmless mutation, called 2P, as in two proline molecules, is used in the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. My second instinct would be to blame any Fall/Winter surge in the UK and similarly here on variants. Wow. It found that spike protein "was detectable in three of 13 participants . See: https://www.timesofisrael.com/real-world-israeli-data-shows-south-african-variant-better-at-bypassing-vaccine/. COVID-19 is really a disease of the blood vessels, coauthor Uri Manor of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California said in a statement. The short answer is absolutely not, Bridle says in the radio show. (The chief hope, apparently, is to limit hospitalizations/death not necessarily case case counts, many of which may presumably become asymptomatic following vaccination.) But there are clues provided by COVID-19 infection itself and the implications are disturbing apart from the usual antivaxxer suspects. breastfeeding after vaccinations may provide babies with protection. Her lab will also test Much mrna will be destroyed fast by enzymes but some will trigger the cell to produce the spike proteins. cures begin. This is how the immune system becomes ramped up against these degraded pieces of proteins. The miscegenation seems to be the common factor for the number of new variants from South Africa, Brazil, United Kingdom and the United States. . CDC.gov. A post widely shared on social media claims a viral immunologist said COVID-19 vaccines' spike protein means people are being inoculated "with a toxin." Experts say there is no evidence that the . Covid makes most people not ill at all or a little ill as well. Incredibly ignorant. This explains why the vaccine can make you a little bit ill. Accessed 29 June 2021. Email sent to FactCheck.org. The CDC and FDA vaccine safety monitoring systems, which were expanded for the COVID-19 vaccines and also include a new smartphone-based reporting tool called v-safe, have subsequently identified only a few, very rare adverse events. Like. COVID-19 patients to determine if a drop in surfactants is It is because of these features that this part of the spike protein should never have been included in a vaccine. 8 June 2021. That could explain why some people have strokes, and why some people have issues in other parts of the body. Lonely Hearts at Risk: Lifelong Bachelors Face Dire Prognosis With Heart Failure, Galactic Explosion Reveals New Details About the Universe, New Technology Can Detect Cancer Cells Without Invasive and Expensive Surgery, Chemotherapy Chaos: Tumor Cells Response to Treatment Is Driven by Randomness, Chunky Dunk? The Strange Truth About Clevelands Armor-Plated Prehistoric Sea Monster, on "COVID-19 Is a Vascular Disease: Coronavirus Spike Protein Attacks Vascular System on a Cellular Level", Newly Discovered Virus-Cell Interaction May Explain COVID-19s High Infection Rate, Caltechs Nanoparticle Vaccine Protects Against a Wide Range of COVID-19-Causing Variants and Related Viruses, Blood Test Can Track the Evolution of COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection, Chewing Gum Developed That Could Reduce COVID Transmission Laced With Protein That Traps the SARS-CoV-2 Virus, COVID Spike Protein Binds to Hearts Vascular Cells May Contribute to Severe Microvascular Damage, Beyond Omicron: Scientists Set Sights on Long Game of COVID Evolution, Tricking COVID-19 With a Fake Handshake to Inactivate the Coronavirus, Hunt for an Effective Treatment for COVID-19 Leads to Llamas & Their Special Antibodies, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/health/moderna-covid-19-vaccine.html, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EfToFXwx98, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/3/india-covid-cases-near-20-million-uk-to-send-more-aid-live-news, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/975909/S1182_SPI-M-O_Summary_of_modelling_of_easing_roadmap_step_2_restrictions.pdf, https://www.npr.org/2021/02/09/965703047/vaccines-could-drive-the-evolution-of-more-covid-19-mutants, https://www.regulations.gov/document/FDA-2020-N-1898-0246, https://www.jpost.com/health-science/could-an-mrna-vaccine-be-dangerous-in-the-long-term-649253, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33053430/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33328624/, https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9366963/Coronavirus-Pfizers-Covid-vaccine-linked-blood-clots-AstraZenecas-UK.html, https://www.timesofisrael.com/real-world-israeli-data-shows-south-african-variant-better-at-bypassing-vaccine/, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04311697, https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/clinical-trial-therapeutics-severely-ill-hospitalized-covid-19-patients-begins, https://www.salk.edu/news-release/the-novel-coronavirus-spike-protein-plays-additional-key-role-in-illness/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7827936/#:~:text=SARS%2DCoV%2D2%20uses%20its%20viral%20membrane%20fusion%20protein%2C,(ARDS)%20%5B5%5D, Mysterious Object Is Being Dragged Into the Milky Ways Supermassive Black Hole, Alzheimers and Other Undruggable Diseases Could Be Treated With Degraded Modified Proteins, Physics of Superpropulsion: Super-Fast Sharpshooter Insect Urination Using a Butt Flicker, Suppressing Symptoms A Neuro-Chip To Manage Brain Disorders, Unlocking the Mystery of Unconventional Superconductivity: A Breakthrough Experiment, The Search for Extraterrestrial Life: Machine Learning Uncovers Previously Undetected Signals of Interest, Alarming Findings: Most U.S. Children Use Potentially Toxic Cosmetic and Body Products, Astronomers Show There Are Four Classes of Planetary Systems, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. So by vaccinating people we are inadvertently inoculating them with a toxin.. In fact, recent studies show breastfeeding after vaccinations may provide babies with protection. William, its been known since early in the pandemic that maybe 50% of people are not susceptible (that is, who dont have visible symptoms). And I understand some clots as well, including with the Pfizer vaccine.I am asking this also because I want to get vaccinated but just like the previous comment with the autoimmune condition, I have had an autoimmune condition, the hives on and off for the past 15years (I am not that young anymore though), cause unknown although stress and some chemicals make them worse. , a structural biologist at the University of Texas at Austin who has been studying spike proteins in other coronaviruses for. If you remove the replicating capabilities of the virus, it still has a major damaging effect on the vascular cells, simply by virtue of its ability to bind to this ACE2 receptor, the S protein receptor, now famous thanks to COVID, Manor explains. To use a vaccine that induces a persons cells to manufacture a pathogen in the trillions seems foolish on the face of it. Using her knowledge of physiology and infectious disease, Professor Janelle Ayres studies ways to help patients better tolerate infections, such as pneumonia and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that occurs in COVID-19 patients. The mixed DNA from all races might have given the virus during its replication a key for better transmission to any race. will target i) SARS-CoV-2 prevention by creating synthetic The spike proteins from the virus and the ones generated by the vaccines are essentially the same, McLellan, the spike protein researcher at the University of Texas at Austin, told us, noting that they have the same function, structure and way of processing. Anyone who says there is no risk with vaccines is a liar, else why would all throughout history there have been huge billion-dollar payouts for vaccine deaths and injuries? Around 100,000 higher from natural infection versus vaccines. So they are designed to migrate and attach on the outside of that cell so the cells in the immune system can notice them and create antibodies. Word of caution re long term safety and giving the vax to young people The PAH survival is 3 years.Im one of those skeptical regarding the vaccines, yet I took the first dose of Pfizer. I have not seen any data to support what Bridle claims., Bridle, who in the radio show said hes very much pro-vaccine, says his claims are completely backed up by peer-reviewed scientific publications in well-known and well-respected scientific journals.. Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines. CDC.gov. According to a statement sent to FactCheck.org by NIAID, if enough excess spike proteins are shed into the bloodstream and bind to human cells expressing the ACE2 receptor, an infected person could theoretically experience additional symptoms. It yielded the first COVID-19 vaccines, Fact check: COVID-19 vaccines dont produce dangerous toxins, Why Parents, Teens, and Children Should Question the COVID-19 Vaccine. A: There is currently no strong evidence that acetaminophen use during pregnancy causes autism or ADHD in children. According to the NIAID statement, the spike protein is only detectable for a few days after immunization in tests conducted in animals. The mRNA vaccination process hijacks the cell to encode these proteins so were not talking a limited number taken up by the vaccine itself after which no more are produced by the body. So by vaccinating people we are inadvertently inoculating them with a toxin., , Bridles research focuses on biotherapies for the treatment of cancers and the way organisms respond to viruses. Healthy immunity is a fine balance: too strong a response and autoimmune disease or other damage can occur; too weak a response and cancer or infections can take hold. They spent 12 years solving a puzzle. A Facebook post from the NZ Outdoors Party, which attracted 3256 votes in the 2020 election, draws on the same study to suggest mRNA vaccines "take over cells to manufacture the deadly (spike protein) toxin and this spread throughout much of the body". It is a beautiful forest with trees so tall and wide. mRNA created Spikes can not free float around in your body. Manor labs and Ogata's study confirm. Is the spike protein that allegedly attacks the vascular system the same one that the Pfizer mRNA vaccine stimulates the body to produce? How long exactly, do Pfizer protocol cover this? In 1964, American biochemist Robert Holley became the first person to isolate transfer RNA (tRNA)molecules that help mRNA build proteinsand map its structure. Similarly, scientists studying other coronaviruses have long suspected that the spike protein contributed to damaging vascular endothelial cells, but this is the first time the process has been documented. However, it says, based on available data COVID-19 vaccines are thought not to be a risk.. The Salk Institute embodies Jonas Salks mission to dare to make dreams into reality. COVID-19 spike protein damages blood vessels The "spike" proteins that the coronavirus uses to help it break into cells inflicts other damage as well, according to a new study that shines a. The cells genetic machinery reads the mRNAs instructions, and any leftover mRNA is ultimately destroyed by the cell. (Salk Institute) Usually, a person's immune system turns on when it's needed, slays an infection, then turns off. Pharmacokinetics is the, Virus Spike Protein vs. Vaccine-Generated Spike Protein, Thats because the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a, . BUT: Then the immune system will destroy that cell (also some brain cells which will not regenerate). Find him. the immune response to these spike proteins. Email sent to FactCheck.org. Anyone can submit a report to VAERS for any health problem that occurs after an immunization. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Member of the faculty at Harvard Medical School and of Harvards Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering. This article is a reprint of what I assume is the original source here: https://www.salk.edu/news-release/the-novel-coronavirus-spike-protein-plays-additional-key-role-in-illness/. The goal of the project is to increase exposure to accurate information about COVID-19 and vaccines, while decreasing the impact of misinformation. https://youtu.be/9EfToFXwx98?t=479. Heres a step-by-step guide to how they work. Viral Posts Misuse VAERS Data to Make False Claims About COVID-19 Vaccines. FactCheck.org. . Science in 5. Some such claims are. over our editorial decisions, and the views expressed in our articles do not necessarily reflect the views of the foundation. The information is. synthetic virology and chemical biology platforms, to create From what I understand, its not entirely clear where vaccine-induced spike proteins will show up because that would require tissue biopsies that were not done in human subjects. Your beta cells in your immune system know better than to copy random mrna in the body. The Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines use mRNA technology to instruct a person's cells on how to create a piece of a spike protein. SARS-CoV-2 spike NTD to RBD Protein Vaccine Improves Immunity Against Viral Variants, iScience (2023). By submitting this form, you are granting: Salk Institute, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California, 92037, United States, http://www.salk.edu permission to email you. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. https://youtu.be/9EfToFXwx98?t=479. Previous studies have shown a similar effect when cells were exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but this is the first study to show that the damage occurs when cells are exposed to the spike protein on its own. And he can transfuse wiping away this virus. COVID Data Tracker. CDC.gov. That could explain why some people have strokes, and why some people have issues in other parts of the body. When either Sars-CoV-2 or HIV infects a person both viruses only cause an innocuous flu-like infection but like HIV, the Sars-CoV-2 spike protein can linger in the body attacking the T cells of the immune system. During a SARS-CoV-2 infection, the NIAID told us, the virus spike proteins can latch onto human cells, allowing the virus to infect them. chances of spreading. helps the virus in promoting the production of its own viral The pathogenecity of the S-protein was not yet realized until long after the so-called vaccine was created and released. At the same time, clinicians can sequence the virus, providing valuable information on the spread of COVID-19 mutations and variants. The commonality between them is that they all have vascular underpinnings.. The Spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is critical for its ability to attach and fuse into the host cells, leading to infection, and transmission. a $230,000 grant from the Ontario government. It has been stated by Dr Hoffee and Dr Mercola that something like 40 trillion lipid coated MRNA are injected by each jab. In 1947, Salk accepted a professorship at the University of Pittsburgh School of . So far, your assumption is true. Anyone can submit a report of an event to VAERS, even if its not clear that a vaccine caused the problem, and all of the notifications are accepted without determining if the event was caused by a vaccine. Most people dont show symptoms, but no one knows how damaged they body get. No Evidence Vaccine-Generated Spike Protein Lingers in Bloodstream, Bridle is taking our results and completely misinterpreting them, said. Would these vaccines not cause similar harm? Professor Greg Lemke is delving into how receptors regulate the immune response and is studying ways to prevent the cytokine storms that develop in COVID-19, as the body produces such an overwhelming immune response in the lung that the collateral damage can be lethal for patients. Self-spreading vaccines are not a myth. associated with more severe disease. Kaech . If spike proteins are dangerous, why do the vaccines produce them? If you have access to any vaccine, please take it, they are all good to protect you and your loved ones. Even that professor agreed that the cell will usually be destroyed by the immune system releasing intact spike proteins. The cells present the spike protein on the surface. The process prepares the body against future infection. Unless the MRNA vaccine gets into one of your cells exactly while its splitting, past the cell wall, past the cell nucleus, guide its self into the exact spot it can attach its self to your cells own RNA (when dividing) its not going to cause any harm to your body. development of COVID-19. COVID-19 spike protein damages blood vessels The "spike" proteins that the coronavirus uses to help it break into cells inflicts other damage as well, according to a new study that shines a. We found that within a few days of the antigen appearing, the individuals developed antibodies that removed the antigen from the bloodstream, he added. This is how they escape without being torn to pieces. 12 June 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023. How long mRNA lasts in the body. Honestly i think you have a bigger problem to worry about then the vaccine Bailey. And so theres no risk of transmission through the breast milk. Your partnership allows our scientists to accelerate the pace of high-risk, high-reward discoveries that have the potential to benefit the health of all humanity-be it cancer, Alzheimers disease, climate change, infectious diseases or more. neutralize and destroy SARS-CoV-2 and prevent pathology. This gives your body the opportunity to learn how to fight it without the risk of the virus replicating so much that it does serious damage or kills you. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. nose and throat samples. Updated 29 June 2021. Because apparently they dont believe in GOD AND ANGELS. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration inspects vaccine production facilities and reviews manufacturing protocols to make sure vaccine doses are of high-quality and free of contaminants. Alan Saghatelian and Joseph Noel are exploiting the atomic I just listened to a simplified lecture on why the spike proteins are mostly destroyed inside the cell as some of the pro-vacciners stated. See: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/975909/S1182_SPI-M-O_Summary_of_modelling_of_easing_roadmap_step_2_restrictions.pdf. Some immune cells latch onto the spikes and produce antibodiesY-shaped molecules that will recognize spike proteins and block them from getting inside other cells. because its a way of being quickly alerted to a potential safety issue with a vaccine, which can then be followed-up by government scientists. overreaction seen in some COVID-19 patients. Kelly, Jeannie, et al. Because COVID-19 affects so many bodily systems, Panda is studying gene activity in COVID patients to see how day-to-day changes in this activity and the clinical symptoms of COVID predict treatment outcomes. No. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There is no risk at all because all the vaccines that are being used presently, none of them have the live virus in it. IANS. Click link below to sign up for our monthly newsletter. They are produced INSIDE cells, right where they want to be. Bridle presents the study as evidence that the spike protein gets into blood circulation. The goal of the project is to increase exposure to accurate information about COVID-19 and vaccines, while decreasing the impact of misinformation. Anyway after drinking this water.He got a different blood type than anyone on earth. But the devil and his seed cannot go into it !!!! 21 May 2929. For instance, behold Alex Berenson, the " pandemic's wrongest man ", crowing about the study: As smoking guns go, this study is high-caliber. They spent 12 years solving a puzzle. As the old saying goes, where there is smoke there is fire. Severe adverse reactions to the vaccines have been, , a viral immunologist and associate professor at the University of Guelphs Ontario Veterinary College, during an, interview with Canadian radio personality Alex Pierson, on May 27. Health Canada authorizes use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in children 12 to 15 years of age. Press release, Government of Canada, Health Canada. Ontario Veterinary College website. This suggests a successful immune response doesn't concentrate on the RBD. COVID-19 Vaccines and Children: A Scientists Guide for Parents. Canadian Covid Care Alliance. In addition to Salks ongoing collaborative research areas that explore fundamental biological questions relevant to COVID-19, several new, coronavirus-specific projects have recently launched. 23 June 2021. . Other parts of the immune system such as killer Tcells will destroy the spike protein infected cell with its exterior attached spike protein. 36 out of 40 (90%) samples did not show detectable levels of vaccine mRNA. But recent studies in animals and cultured cells have found . , a member of the faculty at Harvard Medical School and of Harvards Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, who co-authored a study that found circulating SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antigen in the plasma of vaccine recipients. Lei, Yuyang, et al. Even if its turns out to be true that mRna spike proteins can harm your cells. I am familiar only in part with some of the details you explain.I wonder in the optimistic scenario, which I want to believe, then what triggered the not to many but enough to ask cases of thrombocytopenia? Why did he or she do it ? Binding occurs in the pre-fusion state. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. This treatment will prevent the virus That if one drink from it ! The cells . Salk researchers and collaborators show how the protein damages cells, confirming COVID-19 as a primarily vascular disease. Founder and currently Executive Editor of Science-Based Medicine Steven Novella, MD is an academic clinical neurologist at the Yale University School of Medicine. THUS VIRUSES WERE CREATED WITH CERTAIN INTELLIGENCE IN THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT. Which process(es) dominate will depend on each individuals particular immune system. Any cell they successfully enter will then make trillions of the vaccine induced synthetic (made on an altered computer model of the protein) spike protein. No.I also got a history of rare autoimmune disease involving the blood vessels.The question is, do these spike proteins stay in the cells long enough to produce any damage ? The findings help explain COVID-19s wide variety of seemingly unconnected complications, and could open the door for new research into more effective therapies. 01 Professor Susan Kaech, who studies how we develop immunity to severe viral infections, such as I think, adverse effects of the vaccine happen more often if the needle hits near a bigger blood vessel in the muscle. 01 In severe COVID-19 cases, immune cells in the infected windpipe and lungs can release high levels of damaging This has been shown to happen by researchers or doctors perfforming a D Dimr test on recently vaccinated people. There is no screening or vetting of the report and no attempt to determine if the vaccine was responsible for the problem. Yes, and thats why it can make you a little ill. , have subsequently identified only a few, very rare adverse events. The new technology treatments give mRNA to teach your own cells to make the spike proteins. BNT162b2 vaccination induces SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody secretion into human milk with minimal transfer of vaccine mRNA, Viral Posts Misuse VAERS Data to Make False Claims About COVID-19 Vaccines. Incredible this document is even published. Why Parents, Teens, and Children Should Question the COVID-19 Vaccine. Canadian Covid Care Alliance. It is not true that spike proteins cant exit cells, because reactions in your cells do not happen immediately. The, unpublished study found antibodies in the breast milk from all of the workers andminimal amounts of vaccine mRNA., document, instead saying that detection of the mRNA was downplayed., is designed to detect potential problems thats why its there but it does not show whether the vaccines. A lot of people think of it as a respiratory disease, but its really a vascular disease, says Assistant Research Professor Uri Manor, who is co-senior author of the study. Jonas Salk used them to create his polio vaccine in the 1950s, and they're the bases for vaccines against other diseases including rabies and hepatitis A. If the mrna wiggles free from the enzyme that stabilizes the mrna vaccine, the immune system will just eradicate the mrna anyways. 2. Aging is a complex puzzle, but by applying a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach, Salk scientists are putting its many pieces together. The studies included data from Sanofi-GlaxoSmithKline, Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine constructs, incorporating the ancestral, Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1 or Omicron BA.4/5 spike proteins . It would be nice for them to address it, but given millions vaccinated, apparently not. inflammatory proteins called cytokines, colloquially known as Eckhart, professor emeritus and director of the Salk Institute's National Cancer Institute-designated Cancer Center and head of the Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory for more than 30 years, died on June 21, 2022, at his home in La Jolla, California, at the age of 84. . 5 May 2021. For proof, see for instance https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/3/india-covid-cases-near-20-million-uk-to-send-more-aid-live-news. Reference: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Impairs Endothelial Function via Downregulation of ACE 2 by Yuyang Lei, Jiao Zhang, Cara R. Schiavon, Ming He, Lili Chen, Hui Shen, Yichi Zhang, Qian Yin, Yoshitake Cho, Leonardo Andrade, Gerald S. Shadel, Mark Hepokoski, Ting Lei, Hongliang Wang, Jin Zhang, Jason X.-J.